Overview
The main purpose of the “Out of step protection (OOSPPAM)” function is to detect, evaluate, and take the required action during pole slipping occurrences in the power system.
For more detailed information on “Out of step protection” function, refer to ABB, Relion 670 Series manuals.
To see other supported functions, click here.
Function Identification
| Function description | IEC 61850 identification |
IEC 60617 identification |
ANSI/IEEE C37.2 device number |
| Out-of-step protection | OOSPPAM | Ø< | 78 |
Signals & Setting Parameters
OOSPPAM function block
OOSPPAM Input signals
| OOSPPAM Input signals | |||
| Name | Type | Default | Description |
| I3P1 | GROUP SIGNAL | – | Group connection for three-phase current input 1 |
| I3P2 | GROUP SIGNAL | – | Group connection for three-phase current input 2 |
| U3P | GROUP SIGNAL | – | Group connection for three-phase voltage input |
| BLOCK | BOOLEAN | 0 | Block of function |
| BLKGEN | BOOLEAN | 0 | Block operation in generating direction |
| BLKMOT | BOOLEAN | 0 | Block operation in motor direction |
| EXTZ1 | BOOLEAN | 0 | Extension of zone1 reach to zone2 settings |
OOSPPAM Output signals
| OOSPPAM Output signals | |||
| Name | Type | Description | |
| TRIP | BOOLEAN | Common trip, issued when either zone 1 or zone 2 give trip | |
| TRIPZ1 | BOOLEAN | Zone 1 trip | |
| TRIPZ2 | BOOLEAN | Zone 2 trip | |
| START | BOOLEAN | Set when measured impedance enters lens characteristic | |
| GENMODE | BOOLEAN | Generator rotates faster than the system during pole slip | |
| MOTMODE | BOOLEAN | Generator rotates slower than the system during pole slip | |
| R | REAL | Real part of measured positive-sequence impedance % of UBase/(sqrt(3)*IBase) | |
| X | REAL | Imaginary part of measured positive-seq impedance % of UBase/(sqrt(3)*IBase) | |
| SLIPFREQ | REAL | Slip frequency in Hz | |
| ROTORANG | REAL | Rotor angle as estimated by the out-of-step function | |
| UCOSPHI | REAL | Estimated Ucos(Phi) voltage during pole slip, in V | |
OOSPPAM Group settings (basic)
| OOSPPAM Group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| Operation | Off On |
– | – | Off | Operation Off / On |
| OperationZ1 | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation Zone1 Off / On |
| ReachZ1 | 1.00 – 100.00 | % ZFw | 0.01 | 50.00 | Percentage part of total forward impedance; defines Z1 reach |
| OperationZ2 | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation Zone2 Off / On |
| tBreaker | 0.000 – 1.000 | s | 0.001 | 0.040 | Breaker opening time; use default 0s value if it is unknown |
OOSPPAM Group settings (advanced)
| OOSPPAM Group settings (advanced) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| NoOfSlipsZ1 | 1 – 20 | – | 1 | 1 | Number of pole-slips in zone 1 required to get zone 1 trip |
| NoOfSlipsZ2 | 1 – 60 | – | 1 | 3 | Number of pole-slips in zone 2 required to get zone 2 trip |
| tReset | 1.000 – 60.000 | s | 0.001 | 6.000 | Time without any slip required to completely reset function |
OOSPPAM Non group settings (basic)
| OOSPPAM Non group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| GlobalBaseSel | 1 – 12 | – | 1 | 1 | Selection of one of the Global Base Value groups |
| ForwardR | 0.00 – 1000.00 | %ZB | 0.01 | 1.00 | Real part of total forward impedance for Z2, in % of UBase/(sqrt(3)*IBase) |
| ForwardX | 0.00 – 1000.00 | %ZB | 0.01 | 10.00 | Imag. part of total forward impedance for Z2, in % of UBase/(sqrt(3)*IBase) |
| ReverseR | 0.00 – 1000.00 | %ZB | 0.01 | 1.00 | Real part of source impedance behind relay, in % of UBase/(sqrt(3)*IBase) |
| ReverseX | 0.00 – 1000.00 | %ZB | 0.01 | 10.00 | Imag. part of source impedance behind relay, in % of UBase/ (sqrt(3)*IBase) |
| InvertCTCurr | No Yes | – | – | No | Invert current direction |
OOSPPAM Non group settings (advanced)
| OOSPPAM Non group settings (advanced) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| StartAngle | 90.0 – 130.0 | Deg | 0.1 | 110.0 | Angle between two rotors to get the start signal, in deg |
| TripAngle | 15.0 – 90.0 | Deg | 0.1 | 60.0 | Maximum rotor angle to allow trip signals, in deg |
OOSPPAM Monitored data
| OOSPPAM Monitored data | ||||
| Name | Type | Values (Range) | Unit | Description |
| CURRENT | REAL | – | A | Magnitude of the measured positive- sequence current, in A |
| VOLTAGE | REAL | – | kV | Magnitude of the measured positive- sequence voltage, in V |
| R | REAL | – | % | Real part of measured positive- sequence impedance % of UBase/ (sqrt(3)*IBase) |
| X | REAL | – | % | Imaginary part of measured positive- seq impedance % of UBase/ (sqrt(3)*IBase) |
| SLIPFREQ | REAL | – | Hz | Slip frequency in Hz |
| ROTORANG | REAL | – | deg | Rotor angle as estimated by the out- of-step function |
| UCOSPHI | REAL | – | kV | Estimated Ucos(Phi) voltage during pole slip, in V |
Logics & highlights
Loci of the complex impedance Z(R, X) for a typical case of generator losing step after a short circuit that was not cleared fast enough
Rotor (power) angle and magnitude of the complex impedance Z(R, X) against the time
A stable case where the disturbance does not make the generator to go out-of-step
Construction of the lens characteristic for a power system
Example of an actual power system
The imaginary offset Mho circle represents loci of the impedance Z(R, X) for which the rotor angle is 90 degrees
Trip initiation when the break-time of the circuit breaker is known
OOSPPAM Simplified function block
