Overview
The “Distance measuring zones quadrilateral characteristic (ZMQPDIS)” together with “Phase selection with load encroachment (FDPSPDIS)” has functionality for load encroachment, which increases the possibility to detect high resistive faults on heavily loaded lines.
For more detailed information on “Distance measuring zones quadrilateral characteristic (ZMQPDIS, ZMQAPDIS, ZDRDIR), refer to ABB, Relion 670 Series manuals.
To see other supported functions, click here.
Distance measuring zones quadrilateral characteristic, Identification
| Function description | IEC 61850 identification |
IEC 60617 identification |
ANSI/IEEE C37.2 device number |
| Distance protection zone, quadrilateral characteristic (zone 1) | ZMQPDIS | Z< | 21 |
| Distance protection zone, quadrilateral characteristic (zone 2-5) | ZMQAPDIS | Z< | 21 |
| Directional impedance quadrilateral | ZDRDIR | Z<-> | 21D |
Signals & Setting Parameters
ZMQPDIS function block
ZMQPDIS Input signals
| ZMQPDIS Input signals | |||
| Name | Type | Default | Description |
| I3P | GROUP SIGNAL | – | Group signal for current input |
| U3P | GROUP SIGNAL | – | Group signal for voltage input |
| BLOCK | BOOLEAN | 0 | Block of function |
| VTSZ | BOOLEAN | 0 | Blocks all output by fuse failure signal |
| BLKTR | BOOLEAN | 0 | Blocks all trip outputs |
| STCND | INTEGER | 0 | External start condition (loop enabler) |
| DIRCND | INTEGER | 0 | External directional condition |
ZMQPDIS Output signals
| ZMQPDIS Output signals | |||
| Name | Type | Description | |
| TRIP | BOOLEAN | General Trip, issued from any phase or loop | |
| TRL1 | BOOLEAN | Trip signal from phase L1 | |
| TRL2 | BOOLEAN | Trip signal from phase L2 | |
| TRL3 | BOOLEAN | Trip signal from phase L3 | |
| START | BOOLEAN | General Start, issued from any phase or loop | |
| STL1 | BOOLEAN | Start signal from phase L1 | |
| STL2 | BOOLEAN | Start signal from phase L2 | |
| STL3 | BOOLEAN | Start signal from phase L3 | |
| STND | BOOLEAN | Non-directional start, issued from any phase or loop | |
ZMQPDIS Group settings (basic)
| ZMQPDIS Group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| Operation | Off On |
– | – | Off | Operation Off / On |
| OperationDir | Non-directional Forward Reverse |
– | – | Forward | Operation mode of directionality NonDir / Forw / Rev |
| X1 | 0.10 – 3000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 30.00 | Positive sequence reactance reach |
| R1 | 0.01 – 1000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 5.00 | Positive seq. resistance for zone characteristic angle |
| X0 | 0.10 – 9000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 100.00 | Zero sequence reactance reach |
| R0 | 0.01 – 3000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 15.00 | Zero seq. resistance for zone characteristic angle |
| RFPP | 0.10 – 3000.00 | Ohm/l | 0.01 | 30.00 | Fault resistance reach in ohm/loop, Ph-Ph |
| RFPE | 0.10 – 9000.00 | Ohm/l | 0.01 | 100.00 | Fault resistance reach in ohm/loop, Ph-E |
| OperationPP | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Phase- Phase loops |
| OpModetPP | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Zone timer, Ph-Ph |
| tPP | 0.000 – 60.000 | s | 0.001 | 0.000 | Time delay of trip, Ph-Ph |
| OperationPE | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Phase- Earth loops |
| OpModetPE | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Zone timer, Ph-E |
| tPE | 0.000 – 60.000 | s | 0.001 | 0.000 | Time delay of trip, Ph-E |
| IMinOpPP | 10 – 1000 | %IB | 1 | 20 | Minimum operate delta current for Phase-Phase loops |
| IMinOpPE | 10 – 1000 | %IB | 1 | 20 | Minimum operate phase current for Phase-Earth loops |
| IMinOpIN | 5 – 1000 | %IB | 1 | 5 | Minimum operate residual current for Phase-Earth loops |
ZMQPDIS Non group settings (basic)
| ZMQPDIS Non group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| GlobalBaseSel | 1 – 12 | – | 1 | 1 | Selection of one of the Global Base Value groups |
ZMQAPDIS function block (zone 2 – 5)
ZMQAPDIS Input signals
| ZMQAPDIS Group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| Operation | Off On |
– | – | Off | Operation Off / On |
| OperationDir | Non-directional Forward Reverse |
– | – | Forward | Operation mode of directionality NonDir / Forw / Rev |
| X1 | 0.10 – 3000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 40.00 | Positive sequence reactance reach |
| R1 | 0.01 – 1000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 5.00 | Positive seq. resistance for zone characteristic angle |
| X0 | 0.10 – 9000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 120.00 | Zero sequence reactance reach |
| R0 | 0.01 – 3000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 15.00 | Zero seq. resistance for zone characteristic angle |
| RFPP | 0.10 – 3000.00 | Ohm/l | 0.01 | 30.00 | Fault resistance reach in ohm/loop, Ph-Ph |
| RFPE | 0.10 – 9000.00 | Ohm/l | 0.01 | 100.00 | Fault resistance reach in ohm/loop, Ph-E |
| OperationPP | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Phase- Phase loops |
| OpModetPP | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Zone timer, Ph-Ph |
| tPP | 0.000 – 60.000 | s | 0.001 | 0.000 | Time delay of trip, Ph-Ph |
| OperationPE | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Phase- Earth loops |
| OpModetPE | Off On |
– | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Zone timer, Ph-E |
| tPE | 0.000 – 60.000 | s | 0.001 | 0.000 | Time delay of trip, Ph-E |
| IMinOpPP | 10 – 1000 | %IB | 1 | 20 | Minimum operate delta current for Phase-Phase loops |
| IMinOpPE | 10 – 1000 | %IB | 1 | 20 | Minimum operate phase current for Phase-Earth loops |
ZMQAPDIS Output signals
| ZMQAPDIS Output signals | |||
| Name | Type | Description | |
| TRIP | BOOLEAN | General Trip, issued from any phase or loop | |
| TRL1 | BOOLEAN | Trip signal from phase L1 | |
| TRL2 | BOOLEAN | Trip signal from phase L2 | |
| TRL3 | BOOLEAN | Trip signal from phase L3 | |
| START | BOOLEAN | General Start, issued from any phase or loop | |
| STL1 | BOOLEAN | Start signal from phase L1 | |
| STL2 | BOOLEAN | Start signal from phase L2 | |
| STL3 | BOOLEAN | Start signal from phase L3 | |
| STND | BOOLEAN | Non-directional start, issued from any phase or loop | |
ZMQAPDIS Group settings (basic)
| ZMQAPDIS Group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| Operation | Off On | – | – | Off | Operation Off / On |
| OperationDir | Non-directional Forward Reverse | – | – | Forward | Operation mode of directionality NonDir / Forw / Rev |
| X1 | 0.10 – 3000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 40.00 | Positive sequence reactance reach |
| R1 | 0.01 – 1000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 5.00 | Positive seq. resistance for zone characteristic angle |
| X0 | 0.10 – 9000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 120.00 | Zero sequence reactance reach |
| R0 | 0.01 – 3000.00 | Ohm/p | 0.01 | 15.00 | Zero seq. resistance for zone characteristic angle |
| RFPP | 0.10 – 3000.00 | Ohm/l | 0.01 | 30.00 | Fault resistance reach in ohm/loop, Ph-Ph |
| RFPE | 0.10 – 9000.00 | Ohm/l | 0.01 | 100.00 | Fault resistance reach in ohm/loop, Ph-E |
| OperationPP | Off On | – | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Phase- Phase loops |
| OpModetPP | Off On | – | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Zone timer, Ph-Ph |
| tPP | 0.000 – 60.000 | s | 0.001 | 0.000 | Time delay of trip, Ph-Ph |
| OperationPE | Off On | – | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Phase- Earth loops |
| OpModetPE | Off On | – | – | On | Operation mode Off / On of Zone timer, Ph-E |
| tPE | 0.000 – 60.000 | s | 0.001 | 0.000 | Time delay of trip, Ph-E |
| IMinOpPP | 10 – 1000 | %IB | 1 | 20 | Minimum operate delta current for Phase-Phase loops |
| IMinOpPE | 10 – 1000 | %IB | 1 | 20 | Minimum operate phase current for Phase-Earth loops |
ZMQAPDIS Non group settings (basic)
| ZMQAPDIS Non group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| GlobalBaseSel | 1 – 12 | – | 1 | 1 | Selection of one of the Global Base Value groups |
ZDRDIR function block
ZDRDIR Input signals
| ZDRDIR Input signals | |||
| Name | Type | Default | Description |
| I3P | GROUP SIGNAL | – | Group signal for current input |
| U3P | GROUP SIGNAL | – | Group signal for voltage input |
ZDRDIR Output signals
| ZDRDIR Output signals | |||
| Name | Type | Description | |
| STDIRCND | INTEGER | Binary coded directional information per measuring loop | |
ZDRDIR Group settings (basic)
| ZDRDIR Group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| IMinOpPP | 5 – 30 | %IB | 1 | 10 | Minimum operate phase-phase current for Phase-Phase loops |
| IMinOpPE | 5 – 30 | %IB | 1 | 5 | Minimum operate phase current for Phase-Earth loops |
| ArgNegRes | 90 – 175 | Deg | 1 | 115 | Angle of blinder in second quadrant for forward direction |
| ArgDir | 5 – 45 | Deg | 1 | 15 | Angle of blinder in fourth quadrant for forward direction |
ZDRDIR Non group settings (basic)
| ZDRDIR Non group settings (basic) | |||||
| Name | Values (Range) | Unit | Step | Default | Description |
| GlobalBaseSel | 1 – 12 | – | 1 | 1 | Selection of one of the Global Base Value groups |
ZDRDIR Monitored data
| ZDRDIR Monitored data | ||||
| Name | Type | Values (Range) | Unit | Description |
| L1Dir | INTEGER | 1=Forward 2=Reverse 0=No direction | – | Direction in phase L1 |
| L2Dir | INTEGER | 1=Forward 2=Reverse 0=No direction | – | Direction in phase L2 |
| L3Dir | INTEGER | 1=Forward 2=Reverse 0=No direction | – | Direction in phase L3 |
| L1R | REAL | – | Ohm | Resistance in phase L1 |
| L1X | REAL | – | Ohm | Reactance in phase L1 |
| L2R | REAL | – | Ohm | Resistance in phase L2 |
| L2X | REAL | – | Ohm | Reactance in phase L2 |
| L3R | REAL | – | Ohm | Resistance in phase L3 |
| L3X | REAL | – | Ohm | Reactance in phase L3 |
Logics & highlights
The different measuring loops at phase-to-earth fault and phase-to-phase fault
Characteristic for phase-to-earth measuring, ohm/loop domain
Characteristic for phase-to-phase measuring
Fault loop model
Directional operating modes of the distance measuring zones
Line distance protection
Setting angles for discrimination of forward and reverse fault in Directional impedance quadrilateral function ZDRDIR
Conditioning by a group functional input signal STCND, external start condition
Composition of starting signals in non-directional operating mode
Composition of start signals in directional operating mode
Tripping logic for the distance protection zone
